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Use of commercial tokens in the United States

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language defines a token as “a piece of stamped metal that is used as a substitute for currency.” The Dictionary of Numismatic Terms published by the American Numismatic Association says that a token is “generally a piece of durable material properly marked and unofficially issued for monetary, advertising, service or other purposes.” Commercial tokens were used primarily in the United States from the late 19th century until around 1940. Although some tokens were used after 1940. Tokens are still used today in most arcades and casinos.

The tokens were known by numerous nicknames. Coal miners called them “blinks.” In taverns and bars, especially in the Midwest, they were known as “chits.” “Klacker” was popular in Alabama, while “scrip,” “checks,” and “overdue bills” were in widespread use. The most common name in Louisiana seemed to be “brozine.” The origin of this term is unknown, but it is possibly an altered form of “bronze” that was the composition of many tokens. Another popular term in Louisiana was “doo-ga-loo” with other names with localized use. One of those terms used in the New Orleans area for 2½ ¢ emissions was “quarti” or “quartee,” which may come from the fact that it accounted for one-tenth of a quarter. “Good for” or “Business Token” is a name in common use today.

Many different and diverse sources issued tokens, including the Lumber Company commissars, sugar and cotton plantations, bakeries, dairy, grocery and general stores, restaurants, seafood packers, lounges, bars, billiards and billiards. Transportation companies also used tokens on their bus lines. More ancient arcades as well as modern arcades, military bases, strawberry pickers. Tax tokens were even used to collect taxes and Freemasons issued Masonic pennies. The chips used to be made of brass, bronze, or aluminum. However, cardboard and fiber were also used. The paper coupon books had some use.

The method of use was limited only by the imagination of the issuer, but most fell into one of the following categories: (1) to grant credit to employees, (2) to provide a discount, (3) to make changes in quantities unusual. , (4) to secure purchases at a particular business, (5) to designate an amount of work performed, (6) to show proof of purchase, (7) to attract new customers, (8) to serve as a means of change after prepayment, and (9) to control access to certain areas.

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