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The six classes of nutrients and their functions

Nutrients are chemical substances found in food that are essential for human growth and function. There are six classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water. All six have certain functions that target a different part of the body, and together they ensure the state of our overall health. Some of the different functions of some nutrients are listed below in more detail:

Carbohydrates, Fats and Proteins

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are listed in one category because they are called macronutrients, which means they are needed in large amounts. This is because you get most of your energy from foods that contain carbohydrates, fats, or proteins, and the energy we need for basic functioning and physical activity also comes from these nutrients. Carbohydrates are the main source of fuel for our body, especially for our brain and during physical activity. On the other hand, fats are an important source of energy when our body is at rest and during low-intensity exercises. Proteins support the growth, repair and maintenance of tissues. The following are foods that contain good sources of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins:

  • Carbohydrates: vegetables, whole wheat pasta, whole wheat bread
  • fats: oils such as vegetable, canola, and flaxseed
  • Proteins: fish, vegetables, nuts

vitamins

Vitamins are an essential nutrient because they build and maintain healthy bones and muscle tissue. They also support our immune system, maintain the health of our blood, and ensure healthy vision. Vitamins are micronutrients, which means they are needed in small amounts to maintain our health and normal bodily functions. Some examples of common vitamins are vitamins C and K, and the many B vitamins.

minerals

Minerals help regulate many bodily functions, some of which involve fluid regulation and energy production and the health of our bones and blood. This nutrient also helps remove harmful by-products of metabolism from our bodies. Some examples of well-known minerals are calcium, potassium, sodium, and iron.

Water

Water is one of the most important nutrients mainly because it is extremely important for our survival. Adequate water intake maintains fluid balance inside and outside our cells. Water is also essential because it helps in the regulation of nerve impulses, the excretion of waste products, muscle contractions, and the transport of nutrients. We consume water in solid form, such as fruits and vegetables, as well as in liquid form, such as juices and soups. Drinking eight to ten glasses of water will ensure that all of the above bodily functions are carried out properly.

In general, by regularly ingesting the necessary amounts of each of these six nutrients, you can maintain a desirable body weight.

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